| 2000s>2000
election>timeline |
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Tuesday,
November 7
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Throughout the day and evening, registered
voters in America go to the polls to cast
their votes in the 2000 presidential election.
There are also elections for US and state
senators and congressmen/women, state governors,
state ballot initiatives (like school vouchers
in Michigan, for example), as well as many
local offices.
7:00 p.m. US Television networks begin
projecting who won in the various states as
polls close across the country. Polls close
in most of Florida, but not the panhandle
region
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| 7:55 p.m.
The Associated Press, then CNN, and finally
all of the other major TV networks declare Vice
President Al Gore the victor in Florida, based
on Voter News Service projections from exit
polls. These polls are considered to be extremely
reliable as they poll actual voters who are
just leaving the polls, rather than those who
say they will vote in the days before the election.
At the time they announce the projected winner
of Florida, the polls are still open in the
panhandle region. |
| 8:03 p.m. The networks
declare Gore has won the states of Michigan
and Illinois |
| 8:47 p.m.:
Broadcasters announce Gore has won Pennsylvania.
Since he is expected to win California when
polls close there in a few hours, the broadcasters
begin to talk as if Gore has been elected |
| 9:15 p.m. Ohio is declared for Bush |
| 9:55 p.m. The candidate
is shown sitting with his family, and he claims
that he does not agree that his opponent has
won Florida. Moments later, the networks, beginning
with CNN, take back declaring Gore the winner
of Florida after votes swing in favor of Bush.
Instead, they say the election is "too close
to call." |
| 10:29 p.m. Karl Rove explains Bush
campaign's Florida voting numbers. |
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11:00 p.m. As expected,
Gore is declared the winner of California's
54 electoral votes
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| 11:22 p.m. Florida vote
counting update. |
| 11:47 p.m. Gore takes
Washington but Arkansas (Bill Clinton's home
state) goes to Bush. At one point in the night
the two are tied with 242 electoral votes each,
emphasizing the importance of Florida which
holds 25 votes in a winner-take-all scenario |
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Wednesday,
November 8
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| 1:55 a.m. 96 percent of Florida votes
counted |
| 2:18 a.m. The Television
networks again declare a winner in Florida but
this time it's Bush. Winning Florida means Bush
will be the next president of the United States |
| 2:30 a.m. Gore calls Bush to concede
the election and to congratulate him on the
win. |
| 3:00 a.m. Gore leaves
his hotel in Nashville, Tennessee, in a motorcade
headed to War Memorial Plaza, where he will
address supporters. As the ballot counting continues,
Bush's lead in Florida drops significantly. |
| 3:10 a.m. 99 perecent of Florida votes
counted |
| 3:15 a.m. Gore advisers
call the vice president to tell him Bush's lead
in Florida has diminished dramatically. |
| 3:26 a.m. Bush's lead in Florida is
now down to just 629 votes |
| 3:30 a.m. Gore calls
Bush again, this time to recant his concession.
According to reports, Bush doesn't take this
very well, and Gore was heard to reply, "well
you don't have to get snippy!". He returns
to the hotel without addressing the crowd. |
| 3:45 a.m. News networks
announce that Al Gore has retracted his concession. |
| 4:05 a.m.
The networks flip flop again, this time saying
Bush may not have won after all. |
| 4:34 a.m. Florida Attorney General
confirms that Florida law will require an automatic
machine recount. He also confirms that there
have been many reports of voter irregularities
in his state, especially in Palm Beach County.
This controversy is over the design of the ballot,
called a "butterfly ballot" |
| 4:40 a.m.
Jonathan Alter predicts lawsuits. |
| 4:55 a.m. Some early edition
newspapers get it wrong. |
| During the
Day: Many Americans awake to learn the presidential
race is still a toss up. Quite a few newspapers
printed and then had to retract editions declaring
Bush the winner of the election. The Florida
vote is so close it triggers an automatic recount
of the ballots. |
| As of Wednesday, Bush has 246
of the 538 electoral votes and Gore is just
ahead with 260. Twenty-five of the remaining
seats are in Florida. Results deciding Oregon's
7 votes are still unannounced as it is the only
state that has abolished polling stations –
citizens vote by mail-in ballot or take ballots
to drop-off points. The results of the overall
popular vote also show Gore in the lead, but
not by much. Gore is said to have 49 per cent
of the vote to Bush's 48 per cent. Green Party
candidate Ralph Nader has the other three per
cent. |
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Thursday,
November 9
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*Gore's Democrats
ask for a hand count of ballots in four counties
in Florida citing reports of voting irregularities
and voter confusion over the ballot layout
in Palm Beach. This will turn out to be the
most crucial decision of the Gore campaign,
though we won't know that until more than
a month later. The four counties are: Volusia,
Palm Beach, Miami-Dade, and Broward. These
counties lean heavy toward the Democratic
Party, and the Gore campaign believes that
more votes are there for Al Gore than were
counted by the machine counting process.
*Reform Party
candidate Pat Buchanan admits his belief that
most of the 3,400 votes he got in Palm Beach
County county – known for its Democratic support
– were accidentally cast for him due to the
ballot confusion, and were meant for Al Gore.
*The Bush campaign
threatens to demand recounts in Wisconsin,
Iowa and New Mexico – where Gore narrowly
won – if Gore does not withdraw his challenges.
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Friday,
November 10
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| The automatic recount of the votes in Florida's
67 counties concludes with Bush leading Gore
by 327. This recount was done by rerunning the
votes through the machine counters, as opposed
to a hand recount requested by Gore in 4 counties.
Official numbers won't be made public until
November 14. Bush prepares to move into the
White House. |
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Sunday,
November 12
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| Volusia County, Florida begins
to re-count by hand all the184,000 votes cast
in their county. Local officials seek to extend
the 5 p.m. Tuesday deadline to complete the
task. Officials in Palm Beach also vote to do
manual hand counts per Gore's request. Bush's
Republicans ask the federal court to stop manual
hand counting in the state. |
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Monday,
November 13
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*A US District
judge refuses to stop manual recounts.
*The responsibility
of certifying election results resides with
each state's Secretary of State. In Florida,
this person was Republican Katherine Harris.
She announces that the 5 p.m. November 14
deadline for certifying election results stands.
The Democrats say they'll fight the deadline
in court.
*Volusia County
files a lawsuit wanting an extension of the
deadline. Broward County chooses not to go
ahead with a full manual recount.
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Tuesday,
November 14
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*A Florida county
circuit judge upholds the 5 p.m. deadline
but Palm Beach decides it will resume its
recount tomorrow. Miami-Dade County decides
not to conduct a full hand recount. The county
does a manual recount of one per cent of the
votes but it shows little change from the
original results.
Volusia County finishes its hand recount by
the 5 p.m. ET deadline, with Gore gaining
90 votes.
*A circuit court
judge in Palm Beach will hear a legal challenge
that claims poor ballot design led Gore supporters
to vote for Pat Buchanan.
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Wednesday,
November 15
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*A 2 p.m. EST
deadline for counties to submit to the state
a written justification of a manual recount
expires.
*Florida Secretary
of State Katherine Harris asks the Florida
Supreme Court to halt any hand counting of
ballots and to consolidate lawsuits in a state
court. The Florida Supreme Court denies the
motion.
*A state judge
rules that the Palm Beach County board can
set its own rules on which ballots are valid.
*Broward County
canvassing board reverses an earlier decision
and decides to conduct a full manual recount.
*Late in the
evening Harris says she will not accept results
of any hand recounts when it comes time to
certify final totals on Saturday.
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Thursday,
November 16
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*Lawyers for
Bush submit written arguments to the US Federal
appeals court in Atlanta to end the recounts.
Democrats also filed papers with the federal
court to oppose the Republican bid.
*Attorneys for
the Gore campaign file an emergency motion
in Leon County state court challenging the
certification of the results of the Florida
presidential election.
The Florida Supreme Court rules Palm Beach
County can proceed with a manual recount of
ballots.
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Friday,
November 17
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*Midnight tonight
is the deadline for receiving oversees absentee
ballots. There are an estimated 2,300 of these
ballots for Florida, which will no doubt have
an impact on the final results.
*A court hearing
is scheduled to decide if a re-vote in Palm
Beach is constitutional. The circuit judge
says he will issue a written order next week
on whether he has the authority to order a
re-vote Voters there say the ballots were
so confusing that some people voted for the
wrong candidate.
*The Florida
Supreme Court blocks the secretary of state
from any vote certification until it can rule
on the Democrats' motion to allow hand recounts
to be counted.
*Miami-Dade
County reverses its earlier decision. It will
conduct a full manual recount.
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Monday,
November 20
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*The Florida
Supreme Court holds a hearing on whether Harris
should consider hand-recounted ballots before
she certifies results of the presidential
election.
*Florida Circuit
Judge Jorge Labarga says he lacks authority
under the US Constitution to order a new presidential
election in Palm Beach County.
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Tuesday,
November 21
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| The Florida Supreme Court unanimously rules
that the recounts can continue in three Florida
counties and the results of those recounts must
be included in the final tally. November 27
becomes the new deadline to certify the recount
vote. |
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Wednesday,
November 22
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*Lawyers for
Bush file two appeals with the US Supreme
Court in an attempt to shut down manual recounts
in Florida. Miami-Dade County decides to stop
recounting ballots believing it cannot meet
the Sunday evening deadline imposed by the
court. The decision is upheld by a Florida
appeals court after the Democrats try to get
the county to continue the recount. The Democrats
say they will take the matter to the Florida
Supreme Court.
*A state judge
rules that Palm Beach County election officials
must consider "dimpled chad" punch-card
ballots but can reject questionable ballots
if the voters' intent can't be determined.
*Republican
vice-presidential candidate Dick Cheney, who
has a history of heart problems, suffers a
slight heart attack.
*Television
networks in the US say they will change the
way they cover elections. ABC News says it
will never again project the Winner of a state
during a presidential election until all of
the polls have closed and CNN names an independent
advisory panel to evaluate its election coverage.
*Florida Secretary
of State Katherine Harris certifies the count,
showing Bush ahead by 537 votes, and declares
him the Winner The Bush team responds by getting
its transition team ready. President Bill
Clinton's administration has refused to give
the Republicans office space and money for
transition purposes until the election is
finally settled. However, the White House
does offer to give Bush national security
briefings which Gore, as vice-president, already
gets in order to help both men prepare for
the presidency while the election is being
settled.
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Thursday,
November 23
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| Thanksgiving day: The Florida Supreme Court
refuses to order Miami-Dade County to resume
the manual recount. |
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Friday,
November 24
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| The US Supreme Court, the
highest court in the country, agrees to hear
Bush's appeal of the Florida Supreme Court's
November 21 ruling that selective manual recounts
must be included in the state's final presidential
tally. Hearing set for December 1. |
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Monday,
November 27
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*The Gore team
files three challenges objecting to the certification
of Bush as the Winner The challenges are to
order Miami-Dade County to recount 10,000
disputed ballots, to include the late results
of Palm Beach County in the final certified
tally, and to require Nassau County to send
in its recount results instead of its election
night numbers. Arguments for both sides will
begin Friday.
*Another lawsuit
arises. Apparently, Republican volunteers
in Seminole County corrected mistakes made
by overseas ballot applicants that should
have made those ballots invalid. This lawsuit
seeks to throw out 4,700 of these ballots.
*The case regarding
whether Palm Beach County's butterfly ballots
were legal is moved to the Florida Supreme
Court. Canada has its federal election. The
votes are all counted by hand and Jean Chretien's
Liberals win a clear majority.
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Thursday,
November 30
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| A yellow Ryder rental truck carrying ballot
boxes from southern Florida arrives in the state's
capital followed by armed police guards and
news helicopters. |
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Friday,
December 1
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*The US Supreme
Court hears 90 minutes of oral arguments
from both sides on Bush v. Palm Beach County
Canvassing Board. Remember that Gore had
won this case at the Florida Supreme Court
level. That court had ruled that the results
of manual recounts must be considered in the
final vote certification. This marks the first
time the high court has ever intervened in
a presidential election. It is also the first
time that audio from the Supreme Court was
delivered to the media within hours of the
actual hearing (no cameras have ever been
allowed in the courtroom). People gather outside
the court house to show their support for
either Bush or Gore and to wait in line in
hopes of getting a glimpse of history in the
making. Only the first 50 people were seated
throughout the hearing and others were allowed
in for three-minute intervals.
*Florida Supreme
Court rejects a Gore campaign request to immediately
begin the hand count of 14,000 disputed presidential
ballots from Miami-Dade and Palm Beach counties.
*Florida Supreme
Court affirms lower court's decision that
the butterfly ballot used in Palm Beach County
was not so confusing as to disenfranchise
voters.
*11th US Circuit
Court of Appeals in Atlanta says it will hear
two separate but related cases challenging
the Florida ballot hand count. The cases,
brought by individuals but joined by the Bush
campaign, argue that recounts by hand are
unfair and unconstitutional.
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Saturday,
December 2
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| The hearing to consider the Democrats request
for a recount continues today with experts testifying
on problems that sometimes prevent voting machines
from properly punching holes in paper ballots.
Florida's House majority leader says they intend
to hold a special session this Wednesday to
pick 25 Republicans as the state's electoral
college representatives, who will help pick
the next president. |
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Sunday,
December 3
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| The hearing to consider the Democrats request
for a recount continues today with experts testifying
on problems that sometimes prevent voting machines
from properly punching holes in paper ballots.
Florida's Senate president says there has been
no decision on calling a special session to
pick electoral college voters. Such a session
requires an agreement between the head of the
Senate and the House Speaker. |
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Monday,
December 4
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*The US Supreme
Court issues its ruling in Bush v. Palm
Beach County Canvassing Board. Was it
proper for the Florida Supreme Court to extend
the certification deadline and order selective
hand-counting results be included in those
totals? Usually the US Supreme Court will
either "affirm" the lower court's
decision (agree with it), or "overturn"
it (reverse it). This time, however, they
did not understand that reasons for why the
Florida Supreme Court ruled the way it did,
so they sent the case back to that court for
clarification. When the Florida Supreme Court
explains why it ruled the way it did, the
US Supreme Court will have another look at
the ruling's validity.
*A Leon County
circuit judge turns down Gore's request to
recount 14,000 disputed ballots from two Florida
counties saying there's no evidence a recount
would overturn Republican George W. Bush's
lead in Florida.
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Wednesday,
December 6
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| The 11th US Circuit Court of
Appeals in Atlanta rejects a Republican request
to throw out hand recounts in three Florida
counties. Bush had applied for an injunction
against them. Florida state courts hear two
absentee ballot cases today. Democrats say Republicans
tampered with application forms, and removed
them from the elections supervisors' office. |
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Thursday,
December 7
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| Remember when Gore "contested"
the official results of Florida's vote as certified
by Florida Secretary of State Katherine Harris?
Today the Florida Supreme Court hears oral arguments
in this case. The judges of the Florida Supreme
Court retire for the day without deciding on
Democrat Al Gore's request for a manual recount
of 14,000 disputed ballots. A verdict may be
announced Friday. Today marks exactly one month
since the November 7 presidential election in
the US. |
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Friday,
December 8
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*The Florida
Supreme Court issues its ruling. They reverse
the lower court's ruling that went against
Al Gore and order that 383 votes be added
to Gore's total in Florida – 215 from Palm
Beach County and 168 from Miami-Dade. This
drops Bush's lead to a mere 154 votes of about
six million cast in the state. And this is
before any votes are manually recounted. Most
importantly, the court orders a statewide
manual recount. Bush's team files a 41-page
appeal to the US Supreme Court asking for
a halt to any recounts.
*Two Florida
circuit court judges rule that about 25,000
absentee ballots from Martin and Seminole
counties should not be thrown out.
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Saturday,
December 9
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By a vote of 5-4, the US Supreme Court orders
a halt to hand counts in Florida while it acts
on Bush's appeal. |
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Monday,
December 11
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| US Supreme Court hears arguments on whether
the Florida statewide hand recount should resume.
This is the big one. The case is known as Bush
v. Gore. Again, audio is made available
to the media on the same day. |
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Tuesday,
December 12
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| By a 5-4 vote split down political
lines, the US Supreme Court rules that the Florida
Supreme Court violated constitutional protections
in its order for a manual recount of thousands
of disputed ballots. The ruling reverses the
Florida court decision. There will be no more
manual recounts. Bush wins Florida. With Florida,
he has a total of 271 electoral votes. 270 are
needed to win. |
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Wednesday,
December 13
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| Finally, five weeks after it began, the election
is over. George W. Bush will become the next
US President after Al Gore concedes defeat.
They both address the need to unify the nation
and heal the country's political wounds after
a nasty, prolonged election. Bush's victory
makes him just the second son of a president
to become president. Gore becomes the fourth
candidate in history to win the popular vote,
but lose in the Electoral College. He won the
national popular vote by more than 300,000 ballots. |
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Monday,
December 18
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| The Electoral College meets and casts their
votes for the President. |
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Saturday,
January 20
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| George W. Bush is inaugurated as the 43rd
President of The United States. |
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